Costs to Maintain a Cow

The estimated annual cost to maintain a cow generally ranges between $600 and $1,100, depending on feed prices, labor, and veterinary care.

Feed is the largest expense, accounting for about 40 to 70 percent of total costs, with an average nearing $800 per cow per year.

Labor and equipment costs add another 15 to 30 percent, covering feeding, handling, and maintenance tasks. Veterinary and parasite control services also contribute significantly. Additionally, depreciation and replacement costs for breeding stock can represent 15 to 30 percent of expenses. Overhead such as insurance, taxes, and facility upkeep further increase costs.

Managing pasture quality, monitoring feed efficiency, and practicing preventative health care are essential strategies to control and optimize overall costs. While costs vary by region and management, understanding these components provides a strong baseline for budgeting cow maintenance.

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