Electric Steering and Fuel Efficiency
Electric power steering systems improve fuel efficiency compared to traditional hydraulic power steering systems.
No parasitic power loss from the engine. Hydraulic systems use a pump driven by the engine's power to generate hydraulic pressure for steering assist. This robs power from the engine, reducing fuel economy.
Electric systems only draw power from the vehicle's electrical system when steering assistance is needed, eliminating this parasitic power loss. Reduced weight hydraulic systems require a pump, fluid reservoir, hoses, and hydraulic lines adding weight.
Electric systems are lighter by eliminating these heavy hydraulic components, improving fuel economy.
The electric motor in EPS only operates when the driver turns the steering wheel, drawing power intermittently.
Hydraulic pumps are constantly powered by the engine, wasting energy even when not steering.
Improved engine efficiency. By eliminating the constant parasitic load from a hydraulic pump, the engine can operate more efficiently, improving fuel economy.
EPS can precisely adjust the amount of steering assistance based on speed, reducing power draw at higher speeds when less assist is needed.
While the fuel savings from EPS may seem small (around 0.1-0.3 L/100km or 1-3% improvement), automakers are adopting it due to its cumulative effect along with other efficiency measures to meet stringent fuel economy and emissions standards.
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