Toxic Farm Salts to Avoid

Several common ice melt ingredients can be toxic or harmful to cattle and horses.

Sodium chloride, also known as rock salt, is the most frequently used de-icer but can cause dehydration, irritation to hooves and skin, and digestive upset if ingested in significant amounts. Calcium chloride, effective at very low temperatures, can irritate the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes, and ingestion may lead to excessive thirst, vomiting, and stomach pain.

Magnesium chloride can cause skin burns and respiratory irritation and is also toxic if eaten. Potassium chloride, while more environmentally friendly, can still be harmful in large doses, especially to animals with kidney issues. Urea-based melts are generally safer but may cause mild gastrointestinal upset if consumed.

Ethylene glycol-based ice melts are highly toxic and must always be avoided around livestock. Because these salts can linger as residue or run off into drinking water, choosing farm-safe, low-toxicity ice melt products and using them sparingly is critical to protect cattle and horses from health risks.

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